Vaccinations are an important part of protecting your cat from serious and potentially life-threatening infectious diseases. Kittens typically begin their vaccination series at 8 weeks of age, with booster vaccinations given at 12 and 16 weeks of age. This schedule helps ensure kittens develop strong immunity as the natural protection they receive from their mother gradually decreases.

Core Feline Vaccinations

Core feline vaccinations protect against diseases that all cats are considered at risk of exposure.

• Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis (FHV-1): This is caused by feline herpesvirus and is one of the most common causes of upper respiratory disease in cats. It can cause sneezing, nasal discharge, eye inflammation, and lifelong infection with periods of flare-ups, especially during times of stress.

• Feline Calicivirus (FCV): A highly contagious virus that can cause upper respiratory disease, oral ulcers, fever, and pneumonia. Some strains can cause more severe illness, especially in young, unvaccinated, or immunocompromised cats.

• Feline Panleukopenia Virus (FPV): A highly contagious and potentially fatal viral disease that affects the gastrointestinal tract and immune system. It can cause severe vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, and dangerously low white blood cell counts. The virus is extremely hardy and can survive in the environment for long periods.

• Rabies: A fatal viral disease that affects the nervous system and can be transmitted to people through bites. Vaccination helps protect both your cat and your family from this serious public health concern.

• Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV): FeLV is a contagious virus spread primarily through close contact between cats, including grooming, sharing food and water bowls, and bite wounds. It can lead to immune suppression, anemia, and certain cancers. FeLV vaccination is considered a core vaccine for kittens and young cats during their first year of life because they are more susceptible to infection. Ongoing vaccination is recommended based on a cat’s lifestyle and risk of exposure.

Why Indoor Cats Still Need Vaccinations

Even cats that live exclusively indoors can still be exposed to infectious diseases. Accidental escapes, contact with outdoor cats through windows or screens, and wildlife entering the home can all create opportunities for exposure. For example, bats can enter homes and pose a rabies risk, and some viruses can be introduced into the household environment through contaminated objects.

Some infectious diseases, such as feline panleukopenia virus, are extremely resilient and can potentially be carried into the home on contaminated shoes, clothing, or objects from outside. Indoor cats may also be exposed if they encounter another cat that enters the home or if household members unintentionally bring pathogens inside.

Keeping your cat’s vaccinations up to date is an essential part of preventive healthcare, regardless of whether they are indoor-only or have outdoor access. A personalized vaccination plan ensures your cat receives the protection they need based on their age, health, and lifestyle.